G2980, λαλέω, laleō (basically, to speak, to talk)
Thayer Definition:
to utter a voice or emit a sound
to speak
to use the tongue or the faculty of speech
to utter articulate sounds
to talk
to utter, tell
to use words in order to declare one’s mind and disclose one’s thoughts
to speak
Part of Speech: verb
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: a prolonged form of an otherwise obsolete verb
Examples
Jesus spoke the Word unto them gathered to him in the house [Mar 2:2]
Those who were scattered on account of Stephen, preached/spoke the Word as far as Cyprus and Antioch [Act 11:19-20]
The Gentiles at Pisidian Antioch wanted Paul to speak to them again the next Sabbath [Act 13:42]
They spoke the Word of God in Perga [Act 14:25]
Related to:
G2605, καταγγέλλω, kataggellō: Paul later refers to these as καταγγέλλω, kataggellō[Act
15:36]
Logos: The logos of the Cross, the kerugma, is foolishness to those perishing [1Co 1:18,21]. That is the words of God is the message of the Gospel
G1256, διαλέγομαι, dialegomai: Speaking the word of God involves reasoning διαλέγομαι, dialegomaifrom
the scriptures [Act 17:2-3; 20:7,9]
G1577, ἐκκλησία, ekklēsia (emphasiss is on public speaking)
Hebrew Equivalent to Septuagint: H6953, קהלת, qôheleth
Strong’s Definition: Feminine of active participle from H6950; a (female) assembler (that is, lecturer); abstractly preaching (used as a ‘nom de plume’, Koheleth): - preacher.
BDB Definition:
collector (of sentences), preacher, public speaker, speaker in an assembly, Qoheleth
Part of Speech: noun masculine
Thayer Definition: G1577, ἐκκλησία, ekklēsia
a gathering of citizens called out from their homes into some public place, an assembly
…
Examples
Hebrew: The author of Ecclesiastes is called a “preacher” [Ecc 1:1]
The Herald and Heralding
G2782, κήρυγμα. kērugma (emphasis on authority, being a herald)
Thayer Definition:
that which is proclaimed by a herald or public crier, a proclamation by herald
in the NT the message or proclamation of the heralds of God or Christ
Examples
Paul’s Kerugma was with the demonstration of the power of the Holy Spirit [1Co 2:4]
Jesus Christ is preached according to the revelation of the mystery which was kept secret since the world began [Rom 16:25]
The resurrection of the dead was part of the kerugmaof the apostles [1Co 15:14]
The kērugmais the Word of God and it concerns eternal life [Tit 1:1-3 cf., 1Ti 1:9-10]
Please see more Examples under the related word G2784, κηρύσσω, kērussō (emphasis on authority, being a herald
G2784, κηρύσσω, kērussō (emphasis on authority, being a herald)
It is basically to make a proclamation
Hebrew Equivalent to Septuagint: H7121, קרא, qârâ, kaw-raw ‘
BDB Definition:
to call, call out, recite, read, cry out, proclaim
(Qal)
to call, cry, utter a loud sound
to call unto, cry (for help), call (with name of God)
to proclaim
to read aloud, read (to oneself), read
to summon, invite, call for, call and commission, appoint, call and endow
to call, name, give name to, call by
1b) (Niphal)
to call oneself
to be called, be proclaimed, be read aloud, be summoned, be named
1c) (Pual) to be called, be named, be called out, be chosen
Part of Speech: verb
A Related Word by BDB/Strong’s Number: a primitive root [rather identical with H7122 through the idea of accosting a person met]
Same Word by TWOT Number: 2063
Examples—OT
[Neh 6:7] Nehemiah was accused of appointing prophets to proclaim that he was king
[Jon 3:2] Jonah announced the judgement of God against Nineveh
Thayer Definition: (Part of Speech: verb)
to be a herald, to officiate as a herald
to proclaim after the manner of a herald
always with the suggestion of formality, gravity and an authority which must be listened to and obeyed
to publish, proclaim openly: something which has been done
used of the public proclamation of the gospel and matters pertaining to it, made by John the Baptist, by Jesus, by the apostles and other Christian teachers
Examples—NT
John the Baptist was sent by God—he preached the baptism of repentance [Mat 3:1]
Jesus heralded the kingdom of God [Mat 4:17] starting after the death of John the Baptist [Mat 12:41]
The disciples were to herald that the Kingdom of Heaven is at hand [Mat 10:7]
The men of Ninnevah repented at the heralding of Jonah [Mat 12:41; Luk 11:32]
The healed demoniac was commanded by Jesus to announce how much God had done for him and he went heralding it [Mar 5:19-20]
The preachers of the Gospel, such as Paul and the apostles, are sent—they must be sent [Rom 10:14]—since they are sent, they speak by the authority of the one who sent them
The angel proclaiming who is worthy to open the scroll [Rev 5:2]
G4296, προκηρύσσω, prokērussō (it is the same as heralding a word but with the difference of “pro”, i.e., before)
Thayer Definition:
to announce or proclaim be herald beforehand
to announce beforehand (of the herald himself)
Part of Speech: verb
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: from G4253 and G2784
Examples
Jesus was preached before unto Israel [Act 3:20]
Before the coming of Jesus, John preached repentance and baptism to all the people of Israel. [Act 13:24]
G2783, κήρυξ, kērux (to be a herald. Emphasis on being sent)
Thayer Definition:
a herald or messenger vested with public authority, who conveyed the official messages of kings, magistrates, princes, military commanders, or who gave a public summons or demand, and
performed various other duties. In the NT God’s ambassador, and the herald or proclaimer of the divine word.
Part of Speech: noun masculine
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: from G2784
Examples
Paul was appointed a herald (kērux) and an apostle teaching the true faith to the Gentiles [1Ti 2:7; 2Ti 1:11]
Noah was a herald (kērux) of righteousness [2Pe 2:5]
The Message
G2097, εὐαγγελίζω, euaggelizō (to announce a good news. Emphasis on the goodness of the news)
H1319, בּשׂר, bâśar
BDB Definition: 1) to bear news, bear tidings, publish, preach, show forth
Strong’s Definition: A primitive root; properly to be fresh, that is, full (rosy, figuratively cheerful); to announce (glad news): - messenger, preach, publish, shew forth, (bear, bring, carry, preach, good,
tell good) tidings. A primitive root; properly to be fresh, that is, full (rosy, figuratively cheerful); to announce (glad news): - messenger, preach, publish, shew forth, (bear, bring, carry, preach, good, tell good) tidings.
G2097, εὐαγγελίζω, euaggelizō
Thayer Definition:
to bring good news, to announce glad tidings,
used in the OT of any kind of good news,
of the joyful tidings of God’s kindness, in particular, of the Messianic blessings
Strong’s Definition: From G2095 and G32; to announce good news (“evangelize”) especially the gospel: - declare, bring (declare, show) glad (good) tidings, preach (the gospel).
Examples
The good news of the Kingdom of God was proclaimed to the poor [Mat 11:5]. It is the poor that will appreciate it the mosst
G1229, διαγγέλλω, diaggellō (emphasis on spreading a message)
Thayer Definition:
to carry a message through, announce everywhere, through places, through assemblies of men etc.
to publish abroad, declare
Part of Speech: verb
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: from G1223 and the base of G32
Example
Jesus commanded a certain man go and preach everywhere the Kingdom of God [Luk 9:60]
This is also translated “teach”—G2605, καταγγέλλω, kataggellō as "teach" [Act 16:21]
Thayer Definition:
to announce, declare, promulgate, make known
to proclaim publicly, publish
to denounce, report, betray
Part of Speech: verb
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: from G2596 and the base of G32
Examples
The apostles preached the resurrection of the dead through Jesus [Act 4:2]. That is they preached that the resurrection of the dead was through Jesus Christ.
Paul and Barnabas preached the word of God in the synagogues of the Jews [Act 13:5]
They preached that the forgiveness of sins was through Jesus Christ [Act 13:38]
Paul and Silas preached the word of God at Berea [Act 17:13]
Those who preach the Gospel are to live off the Gospel [1Co 9:14]
Christ is kataggellō [Php 1:16,18]
Attitude of Speaking—Boldness
G3955, παῤῥησιάζομαι, parrhēsiazomai (emphasis on boldness in speaking)
Thayer Definition:
to use freedom in speaking, be free spoken
to speak freely
to grow confident, have boldness, show assurance, assume a bold bearing
Part of Speech: verb
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: middle voice from G3954
Examples
Paul preached boldly at Damascus [Act 9:27]
Reasoning
G1256, διαλέγομαι, dialegomai (reasoning, making arguments and giving proofs to defend a message or belief)
Thayer Definition:
to think different things with one’s self, mingle thought with thought
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: from G3101
Strong’s definition
From G3101; intransitively to become a pupil; transitively to disciple, that is, enrol as scholar: - be disciple, instruct, teach.
Examples
The disciples of Jesus were to teach (makes disciples)of all nations [Mat 28:19]
A scribe discipled unto the kingdom will bring out of his store house both old and new riches [Mat 13:52]
Paul and Barnabas taught many [Act 14:21]
G3811, παιδεύω, paideuō
Strong’s Definition: From G3816; to train up a child, that is, educate, or (by implication) discipline (by punishment): - chasten (-ise), instruct, learn, teach.
Mounce Definition: 13x:
to educate, instruct children, Act 7:22; Act 22:3;
παιδεύομαι, to be taught, learn, 1Ti 1:20;
to admonish, instruct by admonition, 2Ti 2:25; Tit 2:12;
in NT to chastise, chasten, 1Co 11:32; 2Co 6:9; Heb 12:6-7; Heb 12:10; Rev 3:19;
of criminals, to scourge, Luk 23:16; Luk 23:22.
Thayer Definition:
to train children
to be instructed or taught or learn
to cause one to learn
to chastise
to chastise or castigate with words, to correct
of those who are moulding the character of others by reproof and admonition
of God
to chasten by the affliction of evils and calamities
to chastise with blows, to scourge
of a father punishing his son
of a judge ordering one to be scourged
Part of Speech: verb
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: from G3816
G2727, κατηχέω, katēcheō (emphasis on indoctrination, making the hearer master what is taught)
Strong’s Definition: From G2596 and G2279; to sound down into the ears, that is, (by implication) to indoctrinate (“catechize”) or (generally) to apprise of: - inform, instruct, teach.
Mounce Definition: 8x: pr. to sound in the ears, make the ears ring; to instruct orally, to instruct, inform, 1Co 14:19; pass. to be taught, be instructed, Luk 1:4; Rom 2:18; Gal 6:6; to be made acquainted, Act 18:25;
to receive information, hear report, Act 21:21; Act 21:24.
Impartation of Knowledge
G1321, διδάσκω, didaskō
Thayer Definition:
1) to teach
to hold discourse with others in order to instruct them, deliver didactic discourses
to be a teacher
to discharge the office of a teacher, conduct one’s self as a teacher
2) to teach one
to impart instruction
instill doctrine into one
the thing taught or enjoined
to explain or expound a thing
to teach one something
Part of Speech: verb
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: a prolonged (causative) form of a primary verb dao (to learn)
Mounce Defintion: 2x: to teach other or different doctrine, and spc. what is foreign to the Christian religion, 1Ti 1:3; 1Ti 6:3.
G3547, νομοδιδάσκαλος, nomodidaskalos (emphasis on the Law—teacher and interpreter of the Law)
Thayer Definition:
a teacher and interpreter of the law: among the Jews
of those who among Christians went about as champions and interpreters of the Mosaic law
Part of Speech: noun masculine
A Related Word by Thayer’s/Strong’s Number: from G3551 and G1320
Mounce Definition: 3x: a teacher and interpreter of the Mosaic law, Luk 5:17; Act 5:34; 1Ti 1:7.
Examples
These are Pharisees who knew and interpreted the Law [Luk 5:17; Act 5:34]
Original Language Word Study Deductions in Summary
Preaching
A preacher is either
One addressing an assembly delivering a message from above or teaching the assembly.
A herald sent to make an announcement or deliver some message
One bringing good news
To preach is to be a herald. This requires that he be sent with/by a higher authority with a message to a people. To disobey him is to reject the authority he is speaking by.
To preach is to make an authoritative declaration, therefore, preaching requires authority. This authority comes either
By appointment
Directly from God/the Lord Jesus Christ or
From one appointed by Jesus, e.g., Timothy and Titus and others who were sent by Paul to teach in the churches and to carry out certain commands. The apostles in Jerusalem also spoke of men who went from them without their authorization
[Act 15:24] and who then sent chosen men to go with Barnabas and Paul [Act 15:25].
By learning. According to Jesus’ word, a scribe, that is one that is learned in scriptures, who is discipled in the message of the Kingdom, is to bring out both old and new riches [Mat 13:52]. Apollos was a fulfillment of this word.
He was a scribe who began to teach the scriptures after receiving some discipleship. Such men are however not heralds but only speak based on the authority of the scriptures. Their authority is no greater than their knowledge of the scriptures
and accuracy of interpretation.
The Lord has ordained that the preachers of the Gospel are to live off the Gospel [1Co 9:14].
Preaching can simply be called speaking, especially when it is not to a very large crowd, where it is in a room.
The message of a preacher/herald can in principle be anything. For example, the message Jesus commanded the healed demoniac was simply to tell people what the Lord had done for him [Mar 5:19-20].
The message may be a warning, a good news, a doctrine. It may be delivered once. It may be delivered over a long period, even a lifetime and even generations.
Teaching
Knowledge, indoctrination, training, discipline, character, disciple (or discipleship), perfection (i.e.., spiritual maturity) are some key words and concepts associated with teaching
Those who are taught are disciples (of those who teach them)
To teach (under Christ)is to impart knowledge and discipline according to the truth of God’s Word.
The goal of teaching is to bring the disciples to perfection in Christ [Col 1:28]
The Scriptures—the writings of the prophets and apostles—are the teachers authoritative source of knowledge [2Ti 3:16-17; Rom 16:26].
Teaching and Preaching
Jesus taught in synagogues and heralded the Kingdom of God [Mat 9:35; 11:1]
Preach (καταγγέλλω, kataggellō), warn (G3560, νουθετέω, noutheteō), teach (G1321, διδάσκω, didaskō)
in all wisdom so as to present every man perfect in Christ [Col 1:28]
The message (καταγγέλλω, kataggellō) of resurrection through Jesus Christ was a teaching (Διδάσκω, didaskō) of the apostles
[Act 4:2]
The Authority Requirement
Both preaching and teaching require authority.
We can see this in the demand to know the source of Jesus’ authority to teach the things he was teaching. He was either appointed by some established human authority or he was appointed by God—whoever appointed him, there must
be some proof. The Sanhedrin was instituted by Moses, therefore, they were confident in their own source of authority to interpret the Law.
Those who teach under the Law of Moses—the Pharisees and teachers of the Law—are said by Christ to be seated in “the Seat of Moses” [Mat 23:2].
For this reason, since it is man that God ordained to the be head of the family and thus the community (or assembly/church), women are not allowed to teach in the assembly. Since a teacher makes disciples of others and sets rules for living
and such, it is out of place for a woman to teach for then she would be making men disciples.